Investment Glossary

Common investment terms explained simply and clearly

A

Asset Allocation(Portfolio Management)

The process of dividing your investment portfolio among different asset categories such as stocks, bonds, and cash. It's one of the most important decisions affecting your investment returns.

B

Basis Points (bps)(General)

A unit of measurement equal to 1/100th of 1%. For example, 6.1 bps equals 0.061%. Used to describe fees, interest rates, or investment returns.

C

Compound Interest(Returns)

Interest calculated on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from previous periods. Often called 'interest on interest', it's the key to long-term wealth building.

D

Diversification(Risk Management)

Spreading investments across different assets, sectors, or geographic regions to reduce risk. The principle of 'not putting all your eggs in one basket'.

E

ETF (Exchange-Traded Fund)(Investment Vehicles)

A type of investment fund that trades on stock exchanges like individual stocks. ETFs typically track an index and offer low-cost, diversified exposure to markets.

I

ISA (Individual Savings Account)(Tax Wrappers)

A UK tax-advantaged account allowing you to save or invest up to £20,000 per year with no tax on growth or withdrawals. Perfect for flexible, tax-free investing.

R

Rebalancing(Portfolio Management)

The process of realigning your portfolio back to your target asset allocation by buying or selling assets. Helps maintain your desired risk level over time.

S

SIPP (Self-Invested Personal Pension)(Tax Wrappers)

A UK pension wrapper offering tax relief on contributions and tax-free growth. Accessible from age 55-57, ideal for long-term retirement savings.

T

Total Expense Ratio (TER)(Costs)

The total annual cost of owning a fund, expressed as a percentage. Lower TER means more of your money stays invested and compounds over time.

V

Volatility(Risk Management)

The degree of variation in investment prices over time. Higher volatility means larger price swings, which can represent both risk and opportunity.